MPH

October 27, 2026

How do Definitions for Nosocomial Invasive Aspergillosis Perform in Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Recipients?

Invasive aspergillosis (IA) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality among hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients, despite the use of protective environments and antifungal prophylaxis, raising ongoing concerns on the potential for nosocomial acquisition. We conducted a retrospective, single-center cohort study of adult allogeneic HCT recipients diagnosed with probable or proven IA between March…

The association between PM2.5 and stillbirth and infant mortality in 1940 in the US

IntroductionFine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been associated with adverse birth outcomes, including stillbirth and infant mortality, in studies conducted mostly in recent decades. Few studies have investigated the effect of PM2.5 on adverse birth outcomes prior to 1970, when air pollution profile was different and was mostly attributable to coal and petroleum-based sources. We leveraged…

Immune Recovery Following Severe Acute Malnutrition in Children: Evaluating the Relationship between Immunologic and Anthropometric Outcomes

Acute malnutrition remains a major contributor to pediatric mortality, affecting millions of children globally, especially in low-resource settings. Advances in therapeutic feeding programs lead to high rates of initial anthropometric recovery, though relapse rates remain unacceptably high. Relapse after anthropometric recovery suggests that other biological factors, including possibly underlying immune deficits, may contribute to poor…

Trends on the incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer in the United States: an age-period-cohort analysis

Early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC) has increased over recent decades, even as incidence among older adults has declined, and the drivers of this divergence remain poorly understood. We conducted an age–period–cohort analysis of EO-CRC among adults aged 20–54 years using population-based cancer registry data from the United States for the period 2000–2022. Cases were identified by…

Inflammatory Potential of the Diet and Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease in U.S. Adults from NHANES 1999-2004

Background: Chronic inflammation plays a critical role in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and diet is a major modifiable determinant of systemic inflammation. The Comprehensive Dietary Inflammatory Index (CDII) is a newly developed dietary score designed to quantify the inflammatory potential of dietary intake based on selected pro- and anti-inflammatory food groups. Although prior…

Effects of Climate and Built Environments on Aedes aegypti distribution in the Western United States

Since its establishment in California in 2013, the dengue and Zika vector Aedes aegypti (L.) has rapidly spread across the state, and as of 2025, has been found in 64% of counties with active vector surveillance. Previous studies modeling this vector’s distribution in the United States typically neglect human-mediated dispersal effects that may be driving…

Clinical factors associated with negative GeneXpert Ultra results among adults with pulmonary TB disease

Abstract Background: Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra is a sputum diagnostic test for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) disease, but false negative results may occur. Understanding the characteristics associated with Ultra-negative pulmonary TB disease (UN-PTB) can minimize risks of missed or delayed diagnosis in TB endemic regions. Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of the PROVE TB 1 and…

INDEX CHARACTERISTICS ASSOCIATED WITH PARTNER HEPATITIS C (HCV) SEROPOSITIVITY AMONG PEOPLE WHO INJECT DRUGS AND LIVING WITH HIV IN KENYA

BackgroundHepatitis C virus (HCV) infection disproportionately burdens people who inject drugs (PWID), with global HCV antibody prevalence estimated at 52.3% in this population. In Kenya, HCV prevalence among PWID ranges from 11.9% to 36.4%, with the highest burden concentrated in coastal counties. HIV coinfection, prevalent among Kenyan PWID, accelerates HCV disease progression and complicates treatment….

Association Between Paternal Alcoholism and Adverse Outcomes Observed in Individuals with Prenatal Alcohol Exposure Receiving a Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Diagnostic Evaluation at the Washington State Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Diagnostic & Prevention Network Clinic

University of WashingtonAbstract Association Between Paternal Alcoholism and Adverse Outcomes Observed in Individuals withPrenatal Alcohol Exposure Receiving a Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Diagnostic Evaluation at the Washington State Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Diagnostic & Prevention Network Clinic Emma Esteve Manley Chair of Thesis Committee:Susan J (Astley) Hemingway Department of Epidemiology Background: Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) can…

Associations of Midwife-Attended Birth with Medicalization of Childbirth, Autonomy in Care, and Maternal Mistreatment in Hospital Settings: A Cross-Sectional Study of Responses to Listening to Mothers in California 2018 Survey

Background: Over-medicalized childbirth in the United States is increasing, prioritizing efficiency of managing specific diagnosed symptoms over autonomy and preferences of the birthing parent. While medical interventions can be lifesaving in many circumstances, they may be overemployed, creating long-lasting health implications for the parent and infant. Midwife-attended birth offers an alternative personalized model of birth…