MS
May 20, 2022
Utilization of systemic therapy in cancer patients near the end-of-life in the pre- vs. post-checkpoint inhibitor eras
Introduction: Use of systemic therapy for advanced cancer patients near the end-of-life (EOL) is a low-value medical practice. However, immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) use at the EOL may be on the rise due to a favorable toxicity profile. We hypothesize that systemic therapy use in the last 30 days of life (DOL) increased since ICI…
May 16, 2022
Early Cumulative Fluid Balance and Outcomes in Pediatric Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Recipients with Acute Respiratory Failure
Objectives: To evaluate the associations between early cumulative fluid balance (CFB) and outcomes among critically ill pediatric allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients with acute respiratory failure, and determine if these associations vary by treatment with renal replacement therapy (RRT). Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of a multicenter retrospective cohort of patients (1mo –…
Shifting Perspective – Can Behavioral Health Care Resources Reduce State Firearm Homicide Rates?
IntroductionFirearm homicide rates have risen steadily over the last decade. Two potential forms of intervention discussed by policy makers include firearm safety legislation and behavioral health resources. We sought to determine if a relationship exists between a state’s behavioral health resources and firearm related homicide rate.MethodsWe conducted a time-series cross-sectional analysis using the state and…
Life’s Simple 7 in relation to supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias on extended ambulatory cardiac monitoring: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Background: The Life’s Simple 7 (LS7) metric consists of seven health behaviors and measures that are known risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Relatively little is known about the association of LS7 score with cardiac arrhythmias.Methods: In the setting of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), we studied LS7 score, assessed at the 2010-2102 study visit,…
The Utilization and Safety of Per Oral Endoscopic Myotomy (POEM) for Achalasia in the US
Background: Clinical trials show that per oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) has similar efficacy to pneumatic dilation (PD) and laparoscopic heller myotomy (LHM) for relief of achalasia symptoms. We describe the diffusion of POEM into clinical practice and evaluate unanswered questions regarding safety and the burden of healthcare utilization after POEM.Methods: Retrospective cohort study of achalasia…
Effect of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection on Human Papillomavirus Clearance among Women in Senegal, West Africa
Background. Persistent infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with development of cervical-related disease.Methods. A total of 174 Senegalese women completed health questionnaires and were tested for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) upon enrollment, as well as were tested HPV at baseline and during follow up. The 2-year cumulative incidence of clearance of type-specific HPV infection…
May 14, 2022
Socioeconomic Factors and Adherence to Healthcare Recommendations in Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Survivors
Introduction: The majority of adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors do not receive recommended healthcare surveillance after completing cancer therapy. The impact of socioeconomic status and social support factors such as income, education, marital status, and insurance on healthcare adherence among AYA cancer survivors is unknown. Methods: Five cancer centers invited eligible survivors diagnosed…
May 12, 2022
Effect of Internal Standard Normalization of Microbiome Data on Outcomes of a Controlled Feeding Study and a Longitudinal Study in a Multiethnic Cohort
Standardization would benefit the interpretability of human microbiome data because unintended variability can be introduced at each level of data production and processing. One way to bring standardization to microbiome studies is with internal standards (IS). In three microbiome sequencing methods—16S rRNA gene sequencing, and metagenomic and metatranscriptomic sequencing—this standardization can involve the addition of…
Association of CPS Post-Response Daycare Services with Child Physical Abuse Recidivism
Introduction: Provision of services to families is a tool used by child welfare agencies after child maltreatment is reported, with an intention of preventing future child maltreatment reports. Little is known about the effectiveness of individual services in preventing child physical abuse recidivism.Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed of data from 23 states contributing…
May 10, 2022
Hyperoxia After Pediatric Cardiac Arrest: Association with Survival and Neurological Outcomes
Objective: To evaluate the association between hyperoxia in the first 24 hours after in-hospital pediatriccardiac arrest and mortality and poor neurological outcome. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Tertiary care freestanding children’s hospital. Patients: Patients younger than 18 years of age with in-hospital cardiac arrest between December 2012 and December 2019, who achieved return of circulation…
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