MS
November 25, 2020
Air pollution exposure and novel biomarkers of inflammation and cardiac stress in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and Air Pollution (MESA Air)
Epidemiologic evidence indicates a causal association between long-term air pollution exposure and cardiovascular disease (CVD), but the mechanisms underlying this process are not fully understood. Inflammation in the lungs that spreads to the rest of the body may result in systemic oxidative stress and inflammation. Subsequently, this inflammatory state may lead to endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis,…
Proton pump inhibitors and the risk of fractures in older adults: a population-based retrospective cohort study
OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use and the incidence of fractures. DESIGN: Prospective population-based cohort SETTING: Group Health, an integrated health maintenance organization in Seattle, WA using data from 1994-2014. PARTICIPANTS: Four thousand four hundred and forty-one participants aged 65 and older who had not sustained a fracture in the…
Mortality and perinatal infectious complications following home birth in Washington State: 2003-2014
Planned home birth is defined as a pregnancy in which the mother intends to deliver at home. Washington State has one of the highest proportions of home births in the United States (2.3%), more than double the national average. Despite the rapid rise in popularity of the home birth movement over the last decade, controversy…
November 24, 2020
Heterogeneity in survival among adult cystic fibrosis patients with low lung function in the United States
Background Lung transplantation (LTx) is frequently considered for patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) when FEV1 reaches <30%. This study estimated transplant-free survival for patients with CF and FEV1 <30% and identified predictors of transplant-free survival. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Patient Registry, 1/1/2003-12/31/2013. Adult patients (≥18 years) with…
Sex-specific Associations of Maternal Birthweight with Offspring Birthweight in the Omega Study: The role of pre-pregnancy body mass index
Background: Birth weight is an indicator of fetal growth and development, important determinants of life course health. Maternal birthweight (BW) is one of the strongest predictors of offspring BW, perpetuating generational cycles of poor health and risk for adverse birth outcomes. However, potential non-linear relationships or modifying or mediating factors of maternal and offspring BW…
New statin use and left ventricular structure: estimating long-term associations in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)
Recent treatment guidelines in the United States have increased the number of statin-eligible individuals. While statin use is associated with a modest reduction in heart failure hospitalizations in meta-analyses of statin trials, the mechanism is unclear. Only small and short-term studies have evaluated statins in relation to changes in heart structure. We estimated the association…
Erectile Dysfunction Drug Use, Risk Behavior, and Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Introduction: Erectile dysfunction is a widespread disorder in the United States, most commonly affecting men ages 40-70. Erectile dysfunction drugs (EDDs) are the standard treatment, but because of their ability to intensify sexual activity, they are also used recreationally. EDD use may therefore be associated with high risk behaviors that can lead to sexually transmitted…
Bariatric surgery in women of child-bearing age, timing between an operation and birth, and associated perinatal complications
University of Washington Abstract Bariatric surgery in women of child-bearing age, timing between an operation and birth, and associated perinatal complications Brodie Parent, MD Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Dr. Ali Rowhani-Rahbar, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor Department of Epidemiology Importance: Metabolic changes after maternal bariatric surgery may impact subsequent fetal development. Many relevant perinatal outcomes…
The Mutational Landscape of Recurrent vs Non-Recurrent Human Papillomavirus-Associated Oropharyngeal Cancer
Current therapies are effective for a subset of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated head and neck cancers (HNC), although up to a quarter of these cases fail treatment. Identification of genomic alterations associated with therapeutic response or lack thereof from the outset of treatment would have substantial clinical implications. We hypothesized that HPV-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma…
Subclinical tuberculosis among HIV-infected adults: Clinical features and outcomes in a South African cohort
OBJECTIVE Describe the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and mortality risk for HIV-infected adults with subclinical tuberculosis. DESIGN Untreated HIV-infected adults presenting for outpatient care in Durban, South Africa were screened for tuberculosis-related symptoms and had sputum tested by acid-fast bacilli smear and tuberculosis culture. Active tuberculosis and subclinical tuberculosis were defined as having any tuberculosis symptom…
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