MPH
November 25, 2020
High cervical IL-6 levels predict spontaneous preterm birth among women in western Kenya
BACKGROUND Spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) increases neonatal morbidity and mortality. Infection and subsequent inflammation of the genital tract have been identified as risk factors for sPTB, however the role of cytokines in this relationship remains unclear. OBJECTIVES This study determined the association between genital cytokines and sPTB, identified cofactors for high genital cytokine levels, and…
Atrial Fibrillation in an African-American Cohort: the Jackson Heart Study
While many risk factors for atrial fibrillation (AF) are more prevalent among African Americans (AAs) than whites, AF incidence appears to be lower. Data from the Jackson Heart Study (JHS), a community-based cohort study of cardiovascular disease among 5,306 AAs were used to investigate incident AF. Using participant characteristic data ascertained at baseline and incident…
Sociodemographic, behavioral, and neighborhood-environment predictors of diabetes prevalence across Asian American ethnicities: Analyses of CHIS (2013-2015).
BACKGROUND Asian Americans are the fastest growing minority group in the U.S. and are disproportionately affected by the burden of diabetes. However, little is known about the individual vs. environmental-level predictors of diabetes and the heterogeneity among Asian American ethnicities. OBJECTIVE To examine whether socio-demographic factors, individual health behaviors, or neighborhood environmental factors are most…
Precipitation Associated with Increased Diarrheal Disease in Mozambique; A Time Series Analysis
BACKGROUND Diarrheal diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Africa. Though research has shown diarrheal diseases to be impacted by weather, there is limited evidence of this association in sub-Saharan Africa and no studies conducted in Mozambique. Our study aimed to determine if variation in diarrheal disease counts was associated with precipitation…
Pregnancy Intention and Postpartum Depressive Symptoms: An Analysis of PRAMS Data
Background: Understanding the effect of pregnancy intention on the prevalence of postpartum depressive symptoms (PPDS) and the influence of discussing depression risk during prenatal care can inform prenatal care provision and improve maternal and child health outcomes. Objective: The aims of the study were to measure the association between pregnancy intention and PPDS and to…
Systemic monocyte activation levels and developmental milestone attainment in HIV-infected infants initiating antiretroviral therapy
Background: Peripheral monocyte activation has been associated with poor neurocognitive outcomes in HIV-infected adults. We hypothesized that HIV infected infants with persistent systemic monocyte activation following antiretroviral treatment (ART) would have later attainment of developmental milestones. Materials and Methods: HIV infected infants initiated ART at age <5 months as part of the Optimizing Pediatric HIV-1…
Racial Disparities in the Utilization of Preventive Health Service among Older Women with Early Stage Endometrial Cancer Enrolled in Medicare
Objective: To assess differences in the receipt of preventive health services by race/ethnicity among older women with endometrial cancer enrolled in Medicare. Methods: We conducted a retrospective population-based cohort study of women diagnosed with endometrial cancer from 2001 to 2011 in the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER)-Medicare database. Women with stage I or II…
The Effect of Arrest on Intimate Partner Violence Recidivism
Introduction: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is experienced by over a third of U.S. women at some point in their lifetimes. As a result of the abuse, survivors of IPV experience a range of poor health outcomes, with long-term and severe abuse more likely to cause multiple comorbidities. Objective: Our study aim was to measure the…
Dairy Consumption and Incident Type 2 Diabetes Among American Indians: The Strong Heart Family Study
Background: Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) disproportionately impacts American Indians (AIs); the prevalence of T2D is two to three times higher among AIs than the general US population. Obesity and poor diets are common in AI communities and the relationships of specific dietary factors with T2D have not been well studied in this population. Whether dairy…
Using GPS data to explore demographic predictors of life-space: a pooled analysis
Background: Life-space is defined as an individual’s spatial movement through the environment as covered in daily living. A restricted life-space is associated with cognitive decline, Alzheimer’s disease, frailty and depression. We sought to use GPS data to explore demographic predictors of a restricted life-space. Methods: An exploratory, cross-sectional analysis was conducted using GPS data from…
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