Graduate
November 18, 2020
Outcomes of Wraparound Care Coordination for Youth with Complex Behavioral Health Needs
Background. Approximately 10% of youth in the US are estimated to experience “serious emotional disorder,” or SED. Wraparound is a commonly implemented care coordination process for youth with SED and complex needs, but effectiveness research is sparse, and results have been mixed. RCTs have found favorable effects of Wraparound on child welfare placements and service…
Informing Strategies for Effective HIV Treatment and Prevention
HIV continues to challenge individual and public health throughout the world. Ensuring HIV-infected and high-risk individuals are aware of their infection status, engage in care, and receive effective treatment and prevention tools as early as possible is key to improving health outcomes, disrupting transmission, and reducing the burden of disease globally. To best combat the…
Worldwide HIV Virulence Evolution in Response to Changes in Prevalence and Treatment Coverage
Introduction Whether worldwide HIV virulence has been increasing, decreasing, or remaining constant through time is still debated. Modeling work has suggested that prevalence and treatment coverage within countries may impact HIV virulence evolution at the population level, but these factors have not yet been considered in data analyses of HIV virulence changes. Additionally, disparities in…
Policing and population health: The relationship between militarization and lethal use of force
At present, the United States has no reliable and accessible federal surveillance system for lethal use of force by law enforcement. National dialogue on use of force has highlighted police militarization as a particularly concerning and potentially related trend but poor data limit the ability of researchers and practitioners to study this relationship. This dissertation…
Occupational Exposures and Subclinical Interstitial Lung Disease: The MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) Air–Lung Study
RATIONALE The impact of a broad range of occupational exposures on subclinical interstitial lung disease (ILD) has not been studied. Objectives: To determine whether occupational exposures to vapors, gas, dust, and fumes (VGDF) are associated with high-attenuation areas (HAAs) and interstitial lung abnormalities (ILAs4 ), which are quantitative and qualitative computed tomography (CT)–based measurements of…
Effects of individual and neighborhood socioeconomic status on outcomes following a colorectal cancer diagnosis
Evidence indicates inequalities in socioeconomic status (SES), especially those that result in differential access to early detection as well as to high-quality medical and supportive care, as the primary drivers of persistent disparities in outcomes following colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis. Yet research is limited on the independent and joint effects of individual SES (iSES) characteristics…
Exposure to ambient air pollution and outcomes in women undergoing in vitro fertilization
BACKGROUND This study estimates the effect of exposure to air pollution prior to the start of in vitro fertilization (IVF) on fertilization, embryo quality, pregnancy, and live birth. We expand upon previous research by estimating exposure using differing exposure time windows, examining the role of infertility, and examining potential mechanistic pathways. METHODS This retrospective cohort…
Cholinesterase Inhibitors and Neuropathology of Cerebrovascular Disease and Other Dementias in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease: A Study of NACC Autopsy and Medical History Data, 2005 – 2017
In vitro testing of cholinesterase inhibitors suggested protective effects against neuronal toxicity from multiple sources. Investigations in primates found ChEI restored cerebral blood flow. Work in animals suggests ChEI may have a neuroprotective effect, though not necessarily impacting pathologies associated with Alzheimer’s Disease. Imaging studies had inconsistent results. Our objective was to assess the impact…
Social Determinants of Asthma in American Indian Children
BACKGROUND American Indian (AI) / Alaska Native (AN) children have a higher asthma prevalence than white children in the U.S. (9.4% versus 7.7%, respectively). The AI/AN population is extremely diverse; demographic, lifestyle, genetic, and environmental factors influence asthma prevalence and severity in these communities. Our study sought to examine risk factors associated with asthma among…
Commonly used medications and survival from ovarian cancer
Background: Ovarian cancer is the 10th most common type of cancer and the 5th leading cause of cancer death among women in the United States (U.S.). The majority of incident ovarian cancer cases are diagnosed in individual less than 65 years of age, but little evidence exists regarding the economic burden of ovarian cancer in…
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