MS

October 27, 2026

From Documentation to Delivery: Impact of Goals-of-care Discussions on Patient- and Surrogate-Centered Outcomes

Older patients commonly receive goal-discordant care during hospitalization and quality of communication is known to be a modifiable factor. While inpatient goals-of-care discussions (GOCDs) can reduce unwanted healthcare utilization, there is a paucity of literature evaluating their impact on patient- and surrogate-centered communication outcomes. This retrospective cohort study evaluated the association between inpatient electronic health…

Chasing Shadows? Antibiotic Treatment for Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in the First 30 Days Post-Kidney Transplant

Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) is common after kidney transplantation, but the benefit of antibiotic treatment during the immediate post-transplant period remains uncertain. We evaluated whether treatment of ASB within the first month after kidney transplantation was associated with improved rejection and infectious outcomes. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adults who received a kidney transplant…

Endocrine Late Effects Following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Using Treosulfan-Based Conditioning for Treatment of Non-Malignant Diseases: Contextual Comparison with NHANES Pediatric and Young Adult Data

Treosulfan-based conditioning regimens have emerged as a reduced-toxicity alternative to conventional myeloablative conditioning for hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in pediatric and young adult patients with non-malignant diseases (NMD). Despite growing use, the endocrine late effect profile of treosulfan-based conditioning remains poorly characterized. This retrospective cohort study describes the prevalence of endocrine late effects requiring therapy…

A contextualized universal vital assessment score better predicts in-hospital mortality

Rationale: Illness severity scores guide triage, characterize patient populations, and predict mortality. The Universal Vital Assessment (UVA) Score employs data available at presentation, but its ability to predict mortality in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) in resource-constrained settings is only modest, with an area under the receiver-operating characteristic (AUROC) curve of 0.69 in…

Host Transcriptional Signatures Associated with Etiology and Outcomes of Post-Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Lung Injury

Background: Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (alloHCT) is a potentially curative therapy for many hematologic disorders but is frequently complicated by infectious and noninfectious pulmonary injury. Differentiating these etiologies is challenging in clinical practice, and it remains unclear whether host response signatures can distinguish infectious from non-infectious lung injury following transplantation. Methods: We performed bulk RNA…

Experiences of Homelessness and Unstable Housing Among People with HIV: Data from the CNICS Cohort

BackgroundPeople with HIV (PWH) are disproportionately impacted by homelessness and unstable housing (HUH), which is associated with difficulties in accessing care and worse clinical outcomes. There is limited data available on how housing status for PWH varies over geographic areas in the US or changes over time. We sought to examine these trends to better…

Does cervicitis mediate the effect of abnormal microbiota on HIV acquisition risk?

Objectives. Women with abnormal vaginal microbiota are at a higher risk of acquiring HIV, but the mechanisms underlying this association are unclear. Cervicitis may contribute to the increased risk. We assessed whether cervicitis was a mediator in the relationship between abnormal vaginal microbiota and HIV acquisition. Methods. Longitudinal data collected from HIV-negative women engaged in…

The Association of Enteral Protein Intake with Outcomes in Trauma ICU Patients

Background: Critically ill trauma patients have distinct nutritional requirements due to increased catabolism and metabolic stress. Existing nutrition guidelines provide limited and outdated recommendations on optimal protein intake for this population. Recent studies suggest a potential dose-dependent harm associated with high protein intake in critically ill patients. We conducted a secondary analysis of a randomized…

October 20, 2026

Estimating US Health Care Spending on Traumatic Brain Injury

Importance: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality and imposes substantial demands on the US health care system. However, national estimates of TBI-related health care spending are limited. Objective: To comprehensively estimate US health care spending on TBI by type of injury, payer, age group, sex, care setting, and geography…

Chronic Kidney Disease and Heart Failure: A Burden of Proof Meta-analysis

Chronic kidney disease (CKD), defined by prolonged reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), is an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease; however, the quantified magnitude of risk of reduced renal function on incident heart failure (HF) remains poorly characterized across the full exposure range of CKD severity. This study applies the Institute for Health…