Graduate
November 25, 2020
Pregnancy Intention and Postpartum Depressive Symptoms: An Analysis of PRAMS Data
Background: Understanding the effect of pregnancy intention on the prevalence of postpartum depressive symptoms (PPDS) and the influence of discussing depression risk during prenatal care can inform prenatal care provision and improve maternal and child health outcomes. Objective: The aims of the study were to measure the association between pregnancy intention and PPDS and to…
CYP2D6 inherited variation and inhibiting medication use in relation to adverse breast cancer outcomes after tamoxifen therapy
Tamoxifen (TAM) is widely used to reduce the risk of breast cancer (BC) recurrence and prolong disease-free survival among women with estrogen-sensitive breast cancers. TAM efficacy is thought to be attributable largely to the actions of its active metabolite, endoxifen, and must undergo biotransformation catalyzed by the cytochrome P450 enzyme, CYP2D6. Endogenous variation in CYP2D6…
Systemic monocyte activation levels and developmental milestone attainment in HIV-infected infants initiating antiretroviral therapy
Background: Peripheral monocyte activation has been associated with poor neurocognitive outcomes in HIV-infected adults. We hypothesized that HIV infected infants with persistent systemic monocyte activation following antiretroviral treatment (ART) would have later attainment of developmental milestones. Materials and Methods: HIV infected infants initiated ART at age <5 months as part of the Optimizing Pediatric HIV-1…
Racial Disparities in the Utilization of Preventive Health Service among Older Women with Early Stage Endometrial Cancer Enrolled in Medicare
Objective: To assess differences in the receipt of preventive health services by race/ethnicity among older women with endometrial cancer enrolled in Medicare. Methods: We conducted a retrospective population-based cohort study of women diagnosed with endometrial cancer from 2001 to 2011 in the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER)-Medicare database. Women with stage I or II…
The Effect of Arrest on Intimate Partner Violence Recidivism
Introduction: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is experienced by over a third of U.S. women at some point in their lifetimes. As a result of the abuse, survivors of IPV experience a range of poor health outcomes, with long-term and severe abuse more likely to cause multiple comorbidities. Objective: Our study aim was to measure the…
Dairy Consumption and Incident Type 2 Diabetes Among American Indians: The Strong Heart Family Study
Background: Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) disproportionately impacts American Indians (AIs); the prevalence of T2D is two to three times higher among AIs than the general US population. Obesity and poor diets are common in AI communities and the relationships of specific dietary factors with T2D have not been well studied in this population. Whether dairy…
Using GPS data to explore demographic predictors of life-space: a pooled analysis
Background: Life-space is defined as an individual’s spatial movement through the environment as covered in daily living. A restricted life-space is associated with cognitive decline, Alzheimer’s disease, frailty and depression. We sought to use GPS data to explore demographic predictors of a restricted life-space. Methods: An exploratory, cross-sectional analysis was conducted using GPS data from…
HIV Status and Risk Factors for Hypertension in South African Adults
Background: As treatment innovations increase the life expectancy of those with HIV, the relationship between HIV infection, hypertension risk and subsequent CVD is increasingly important to understand. We investigated the relationship between HIV infection and hypertension among a cohort of ART-naïve South African adults presenting for voluntary HIV screening. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, observational…
Air pollution exposure and novel biomarkers of inflammation and cardiac stress in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and Air Pollution (MESA Air)
Epidemiologic evidence indicates a causal association between long-term air pollution exposure and cardiovascular disease (CVD), but the mechanisms underlying this process are not fully understood. Inflammation in the lungs that spreads to the rest of the body may result in systemic oxidative stress and inflammation. Subsequently, this inflammatory state may lead to endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis,…
Proton pump inhibitors and the risk of fractures in older adults: a population-based retrospective cohort study
OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use and the incidence of fractures. DESIGN: Prospective population-based cohort SETTING: Group Health, an integrated health maintenance organization in Seattle, WA using data from 1994-2014. PARTICIPANTS: Four thousand four hundred and forty-one participants aged 65 and older who had not sustained a fracture in the…
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