Graduate
November 24, 2020
Association between vaginal bacterial microbiota and the presence and clinical presentation of vulvovaginal candidiasis
Introduction: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is among the most common reasons for women to seek medical care. Annual costs related to VVC in the United States are estimated at over $1 billion. Vaginal yeast exists in an environment with a diverse and changing vaginal bacterial microbiota. Little is known about how the vaginal bacterial community influences…
Influence of household remittance on childhood stunting in Nepal
Introduction: Migration is a livelihood strategy for many poor households in Nepal where about 56% of the households receive remittances, money sent by migrants. The country also has high rates of undernutrition; 41% of children under five years of age are reported to be stunted. Although remittance payments are known to increase household income potentially…
Air Pollution and High Density Lipoprotein Structure and Function
BACKGROUND: A growing body of evidence suggests that air pollution is an important contributor to risk of cardiovascular disease. Federal regulatory agencies require evidence of the biological mechanisms explaining the relationship between air pollution and cardiovascular disease in order to inform regulatory policy. High density lipoproteins (HDL) are an important cardiovascular risk factor, and air…
Birth-to-pregnancy intervals and adverse perinatal outcomes among African-born women in Washington State
Background: Short birth-to-pregnancy (BTP) intervals are associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. The number of African-born blacks currently living in the U.S. exceeds 1.6 million. However, little is known about BTP intervals and the risk factors and outcomes related to short BTP intervals among African-born women living in the U.S. Objectives: The objectives of this study…
Ambient ozone pollution and daily mortality in three megacities in China
Background: In mainland China, limited studies have been published on the association of ambient ozone pollution with daily mortality. Given that the air pollution has changed from conventional coal combustion to the mixed coal combustion/motor vehicle emissions(primary source of ambient ozone pollution) in the metropolis in China, it is the time to investigate the effect…
Erectile Dysfunction Drug Use, Risk Behavior, and Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Introduction: Erectile dysfunction is a widespread disorder in the United States, most commonly affecting men ages 40-70. Erectile dysfunction drugs (EDDs) are the standard treatment, but because of their ability to intensify sexual activity, they are also used recreationally. EDD use may therefore be associated with high risk behaviors that can lead to sexually transmitted…
The Association of Maternal Occupations and Deliveries by Cesarean Section for Infants Born in Washington, 2011 to 2013
Nearly one-third of all pregnancies in the United States are surgically delivered by cesarean, which has a higher rate of maternal complications compared to vaginal delivery. There are national campaigns to reduce the number of cesarean sections in low-risk pregnancies, which are defined as nulliparous, vertex, singleton, and term (NVST). The objective for this study…
Sociodemographic and clinical correlates of immune activation in postpartum HIV-1/HSV-2 co-infected Kenyan women
University of Washington Abstract Sociodemographic and clinical correlates of immune activation in postpartum HIV-1/HSV-2 co-infected Kenyan women Anton N. Quist Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Professor Carey Farquhar Department of Epidemiology Background HIV is a leading cause of death among women of reproductive age. An activated host immune system has been shown to support the…
Bariatric surgery in women of child-bearing age, timing between an operation and birth, and associated perinatal complications
University of Washington Abstract Bariatric surgery in women of child-bearing age, timing between an operation and birth, and associated perinatal complications Brodie Parent, MD Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Dr. Ali Rowhani-Rahbar, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor Department of Epidemiology Importance: Metabolic changes after maternal bariatric surgery may impact subsequent fetal development. Many relevant perinatal outcomes…
Escherichia coli O157:H7 Phylogenetics: Implications for Virulence and Disease Distribution
This dissertation uses phylogenetic classifications to investigate heterogeneity in the epidemiology of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157:H7, one of the top causes of foodborne illness and hospitalization. Isolates of a given phylogenetic lineage may express similar traits. Understanding differences between lineages may increase our understanding of STEC O157:H7 incidence and its progression to hemolytic…
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