Graduate
May 20, 2022
Cadmium Burden and Blood Pressure
Background Hypertension, or high blood pressure (BP) affects 1 in 3 adults worldwide and is a leading cause of cardiovascular disease. A growing body of literature has implicated toxic heavy metals, such as cadmium (Cd), as contributors to higher BP and hypertensive disorders. Cd is extensively used in production of consumer products such as batteries,…
Development and validation of a biomarker-based model to predict persistent hypoxemic respiratory failure among mechanically ventilated adults
Background. Acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (HRF) requiring invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) is a common and morbid condition, but treatment is largely supportive and most pharmacologic trials have been negative. The early clinical trajectory is heterogeneous, with most patients resolving within days while others require prolonged IMV, which impairs both clinical resource allocation and the detection…
Depressive Symptoms Over the Course of Adolescence among Latinx Youth from Small Towns in the United States: Comparing Children of Immigrants and Non-Immigrants
Purpose: To compare depressive symptoms over the course of adolescence among Latinx Children of Immigrants (COI), Latinx Children of Non-Immigrants (CONI), and non-Latinx White CONI from small towns in the United States and to examine whether differences vary by developmental age and by sex.Methods: We used 6 years of longitudinal data from 1,520 adolescents that…
Structural Barriers to Continuity of HIV Care: Characterizing and Evaluating the Impact of Patient Discontinuation from AIDS Drug Assistance Programs
The Ryan White HIV/AIDS Drug Assistance programs (ADAPs) are the largest source of medical care for people living with HIV (PLWH) in the United States. They pay for insurance and medical care for 20% of people living with HIV in the United States, and people on the program have high rates of viral suppression, the…
Rabies Virus Neutralizing Antibody Levels in Veterinary Medical Professionals: A Cross Sectional Study from Samples Collected at U.S. Veterinary Continuing Education Conferences
Rabies is a viral pathogen primarily spread by animal bites; the resultant infection is a nearly 100% fatal. The American Veterinary Medical Association recommends all veterinary team members should receive pre-exposure rabies vaccination. The World Health Organization recommends that Rabies Virus Neutralizing Antibody (RVNA) levels should stay at or above 0.5 IU/mL. The goal of…
Examining the scope of homicide-suicide perpetrated by law enforcement: A population-based retrospective study using multiple frames, 2003 – 2017
Background: Domestic violence perpetrated by law enforcement is an understudied public health issue. Previous studies examining the prevalence domestic violence by law enforcement primarily rely on convenience sampling and self-reported measures, producing unreliable estimates. Homicide-suicide events, as a subset of domestic violence offenses, present a unique opportunity for study given the data collection practices of…
The Association of Severe Pain Experienced in the PICU and Health-Related Quality of Life Post-Discharge
BACKGROUND: A decline in health-related quality of life (HRQL) is common after pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission. There are few known modifiable risk factors during PICU admission for a clinically significant decline in HRQL. Chronic pain is known to be associated with low HRQL. We hypothesized that the duration of severe pain during PICU…
Karibu na sirenji (Near the Syringe): Applying mixed methods to characterize the HIV risk environment and gender differences among persons who inject drugs in Nairobi, Kenya
In Kenya, people who inject drugs (PWID) are considered a key population that are disproportionately affected by the HIV and hepatitis C (HCV) epidemics, with prevalence estimates reaching upwards of 19-25% and 11-36%, respectively. Kenya’s national HIV program scale-up for key populations has resulted in significant reductions in HIV incidence among PWID, but service gaps…
Concordance and discordance between patient-defined remission and remission based on validated patient-reported outcome measures among patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohns disease
Background: Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD, which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease) experience periods of disease flares and remission. However, there may be differences in a patient’s own definition of remission and remission based on validated patient reported outcome (PRO) measures. This secondary data analysis seeks to inform our understanding of the concordance…
The effect of polygamy on loss of human papillomavirus detection in Senegalese women
Objectives: Persistent infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) can result in premalignant cervical lesions. Women in polygamous marriage are more likely to be re-exposed to HPV. Repeated exposure to HPV antigen may lead to shorter duration of infections by boosting the immune response. This study assessed the impact of polygamy on the clearance of HPV infection…
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