Featured Research
Association of infection with chronic hepatitis C virus and myocardial infarction in people living with HIV in the United States
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is common among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH). The researchers examined the association between HCV and myocardial infarction in the Centers for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Research Network of Integrated Clinical Systems, a multi-center clinical cohort of PLWH.
APOE is a correlate of phenotypic heterogeneity in Alzheimer disease in a national cohort
The objective of this study was to compare the proportion of APOE ε4 genotype carriers in aphasic vs. amnestic variants of Alzheimer disease.
No evidence of sexual risk compensation following PrEP initiation among heterosexual HIV serodiscordant couple in Kenya and Uganda
Recent studies among men who have sex with men suggest that sexual behaviors associated with risk of sexually transmitted infections increase following initiation of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention. The researchers used longitudinal data from HIV-uninfected participants enrolled in an open-label study of PrEP delivered to Ugandan and Kenyan heterosexual HIV serodiscordant couples.
Burden of rare exome sequence variants in PROC gene is associated with venous thromboembolism: a population-based study
Rare coding mutations underlying deficiences of antithrombin and proteins C and S contribute to familial venous thromboembolism (VTE). It is uncertain whether rare variants play a role in the etiology of VTE in the general population.
Tea consumption patterns in relation to diet quality among children and adults in the United States: analyses of NHANES 2011-2016 data
The present analyses, based on two 24-hour dietary recalls for 17,506 persons in the 2011-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database, explores tea consumption patterns in relation to demographics, diet quality, cardiovascular disease biomarkers, and body weight.
Benchmarking global trauma care: defining the unmet need for trauma surgery in Ghana
The researchers sought to determine Ghana's annual trauma operation rate in juxtaposition to New Zealand, the Lancet Commision on Global Surgery's benchmark nation.
Bayesian hierarchical spatial models: implementing the Besag York Mollié model in stan
This report presents a new implementation of the Besag-York-Mollié model in Stan, a probabilistic programming platform which does full Bayesian inference using Hamiltonian Monte Carlo.
Effect of mailed human papillomavirus test kits vs usual care reminders on cervical cancer screening uptake, precancer detection, and treatment: a randomized clinical trial
The objective of this study was to evaluate effectiveness of mailed HPV self-sampling kits versus usual care reminders for in-clinic screening to increase detection and treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade two or worse and uptake of cervical cancer screenings.
PrEP discontinuation and prevention-effective adherence: experiences of PrEP users in Ugandan HIV serodiscordant couples
Optimal adherence to oral pre-exposure prohpylaxis for HIV prevention involves aligning consistent PrEP use with periods of risk to achieve prevention-effective adherence. For stable, serodiscordant couples, antiretroviral therapy adherence by the HIV-positive partner markedly decreases HIV transmission risk, potentially obviating the need for continued PrEP use; yet little is known about actual lived experiences of discontinuing PrEP.
Genome-wide association analysis of venous thromboembolism identifies new risk loci and genetic overlap with arterial vascular disease
Venous thromboembolism is a significant cause of mortality, yet it genetic determinants are incompletely defined. The researchers performed a discovery genome-wide association study in the Million Veteran Program and UK Biobank, with testing of approximately 13 million DNA sequence variants for association with venous thromboembolism and meta-analyzed both studies.
